Kingdom Animalia

Description: Animals are a group of complex, eukaryotic organisms. They are very diverse.
Body Plan: All animals are multicellular organisms, with specialized cells. They can have either radial or bilateral symmetry.
Divergent Event:
Metabolism: Animals are heterotrophs, and ingest other organisms to gain sustenance. Digestion: Some animals possess intracellular digestion, such as jellyfish and hydra. Extracellular digestion takes place in animals such as humans, who use enzymes to digest materials and then absorb them directly.
Circulation: The open system they exchange wastes over the cell membrane. With closed circulatory systems it goes through a number of areas to cleanse the blood. The two organs that “bad blood” goes through is the kidneys and the liver, and they detoxify the blood by filtering the impurities and sending it excreted or defecated. Some of the animals have a 2 chambered heart, and some have a four chambered heart. One example of a double chambered heart is a bird, and then the one that has four chambers is a human.
Respiration: All animals contain mitochondria and go through cellular respiration. Some animals contain lungs to help them breath while others have gills to help them breath while some have both.
Nervous: Animals possess both a brain and ganglia that accompany it, which make up their nervous systems. Common parts of animal brains include the cerebellum, prefrontal cortex, and the hippocampus.
Reproduction: Animals engage in both sexual and asexual reproduction. Humans, for example, are bred through sexual reproduction, but there are also some species that undergo parthogenesis (self-fertilization of egg cells by a female), such as the whiptail lizard, a species entirely composes of females.
Examples: Humans,are a prime example of animals. We are complex, two legged vertebrates that consume other organisms to gain energy, like other animals.
Cnidaria- Two-cell layered body with a digestive cavity the is surrounded by tentacles to catch its prey. They are ocoelmates. Ex) Jellyfish, Hydras
Platyhelminthes-They are flatworms that are motile organisms whose bodies are the first to have 3 cell layers and bilateral symmetry. They are acoelomates. They can be parisitic and undergo regeneration.
Nematoda- They are roundworms that are soil-dwellers and have pseudocoelomate bodies. They have a complete digestive tract that goes from mouth to anus. Some can be parisites.
Rotifera- They are filter feeders that are pseudocoelomates with a complex digestive system
Mollusca-They are motile organisms with a soft body and a hard shell. They are the first protosomes and coelomates. Ex) Octopuses, snails
Annelida- They are worms with two openings, a mouth and an anus. They have a fully developed digestive system, closed circulatory system, developed nervous system. With setae Ex). Earthworms
Arthropoda- Animals with segmented bodies; paired, jointed legs; and a chitinous exoskeleton. They are unusual in that they have an open circulatory system with a dorsal heart. Ex) Lobster, Crabs
Echinodermata-Sessile or sedentary animals with a spiny exoskeleton. They are the first deuterosomes. Ex) Sea Urchin
Chordata-Animals that have a notochord, a dorsal nerve cord, and a postanal tail, and a pharyngeal gill slits at some point in ther lives or development. Most are vertebrates but some aren't Ex)Pices, Aves
Calcerea- They are sponges and are the first sponges to posses spicules made of calcium carbonate. They have radial symmetry and are acoelomates
Silicea- They are sponges that have spicules made of silicon dioxide. They are closely related to Calcerea.